______ burns involve only the epidermis.

Burns that involve only the epidermis are classified as superficial burns. These types of burns typically result in redness, slight swelling, and pain, but do not extend beyond the outer layer of skin. They are often caused by brief contact with hot substances, sunburn, or minor scalds. Because they affect only the epidermis, superficial burns generally heal quickly and do not lead to significant scarring.

Full-thickness burns involve damage to both the epidermis and the underlying dermis, and these burns can appear white or charred, indicating more severe tissue injury. Second-degree burns extend into the dermis and present with blisters and more intense pain. Third-degree burns damage all layers of the skin and may involve underlying tissues, potentially resulting in significant complications and requiring surgical intervention for healing. Thus, superficial burns are the only type that affects just the outermost layer of skin, validating the identification of the correct answer.